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For the development of new aluminum

時(shí)間:2016-02-11 來(lái)源:中山銀力浏覽次數:173

In recent decades, the world's aluminum alloy materials are new materials such as high performance aluminum alloy with high strength and high tenacity to the direction of development, in order to satisfy such as aerospace, military industry and the demand for some special industrial department; Development at the same time a series which has the function of various performance and can meet different condition and use the new civil aluminum alloy material.

 

Aluminum alloy new material research and development direction, mainly using the theory of micro alloying, adopting electronic metallurgy technology, adjust the content of alloy elements and proportion, adding trace elements, efficient transform existing on the one hand * * * * * * 1 ~ 9 series of thousands of traditional aluminum alloy, give full play to their potential, on the other hand, the design and development of a new type of high strength, Gao Ren, anti-embrittlement, wear-resisting, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, high temperature resistant, low temperature resistant, resistant to radiation, fire, explosion, free cutting, polishing, surface treatment, welding and lightweight aluminum alloy material and extrusion products, to meet the development of national defense, cutting-edge science and technology and national economy high speed development demands.

 

A. - lithium aluminum alloy (Al - Li).

 

The characteristics of lithium aluminum - alloy is low density, high elastic modulus and high strength. Now mature development of aluminium lithium alloy is Al - Li - Sc - Zr series and Al - Li - Mg - Zr alloy, alternative to 7 XXX series of super-high strength alloys are Al - Li - Cu - Mg - Zr alloy. The most typical alloys 2090 and 8091, more than 20. Development goal is to achieve 7075 - T6 strength and corrosion resistance of 7075 - T73 performance. In 1996 the United States in the applications of helicopter - lithium aluminum alloy has reached about 20% of body weight, 2010 years later, in the structure of large aircraft is expected to more than 20% on the aluminum - lithium alloy production.

 

2. - scandium aluminum alloy (Al - Sc).

 

Scandium belong to rare earth metal elements, small density, high melting point, because it can significantly increase the recrystallization temperature and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy, thus cause attaches great importance to. In recent years, Russia and Germany in Al - Sc alloy research has made great progress, and study the Al - zinc - Mg - Sc - Zr series and Al - Mg - Sc alloy. The former are the characteristics of high strength, plasticity, fatigue performance and good welding performance, is a kind of new high strength and high toughness aluminum alloy welding. Its application fields are also mainly aviation and aerospace, moreover can also be applied in high speed vessels and high-speed trains.

 

3. Aluminum and beryllium alloys (Al - Be).

 

Beryllium also belong to high melting point of rare metal, Al - (7.0 ~ 30) % Be - (3 ~ 8) % Mg alloy is Al - Be - Mg ternary phase diagram of the two-phase region, its organization by primary beryllium and Al phase composition of Mg in solid solution, make the alloy has good comprehensive performance. Be like Al - 7.0% - 3% of Mg alloy tensile strength of 650 mpa, elongation is more than 10%, can Be applied in the aviation industry. Due to the complex manufacturing process, make its application is restricted.

 

4. Aluminum matrix composites.

 

The current development of aluminum matrix composites are mainly B/Al, BC/Al and SiC/Al, Al2O3 / Al and so on. To add fibre can be divided into particles, and short-fiber and long fiber, whisker of SiC/Al composite materials is the most promising, because it does not need to deal with coated with diffusion layer fiber, the cost is low. Aluminum matrix composite is characterized by low density, than the intensity and rigidity is high, the elastic modulus, good conductive thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistant, creep and fatigue resistance, etc. U.S. manufacturing 10 meters long profiles and pipes have been used in all kinds of spacecraft, and has become a aluminum alloy, aluminum - even lithium alloy important competitor. In addition, aluminum and steel, aluminum and titanium aluminum super-high strength of composite material laminated type also obtained the development in recent years.

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